G0S2 is a 103 amino acid novel target of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and regulator of latent HIV. G0S2 may be involved in adipocyte differentiation and its expression is essential for committing cells to enter the G1 phase of the cell cycle. G0S2 contains a CpG-rich island and multiple sites for potential phosphorylation by casein kinase II and protein kinase C. The gene encoding G0S2 maps to human chromosome 1, which is the largest human chromosome. Chromosome 1 spans about 260 million base pairs and makes up 8% of the human genome. There are about 3,000 genes on chromosome 1, and considering the great number of genes there are also a large number of diseases associated with chromosome 1. Notably, the rare aging disease Hutchinson-Gilford progeria is associated with the LMNA gene which encodes lamin A. Stickler syndrome, Parkinsons, Gaucher disease and Usher syndrome are also associated with chromosome 1. Aberrations in chromosome 1 are found in a variety of cancers including head and neck cancer, malignant melanoma and multiple myeloma.